Muhammad Adil Shah

Mubariz Khan / Muhammad Adil Shah / Mahmood Shah Adil

Emperor of Sur Dynasty

Father – Nizam Khan Sur (Sher Shah’s brother)

Mubariz Khan, after the murder of his nephew, ascended the throne of Sher Shah and assumed the title of Muhammad Adil shah or Muhmood Shah Adil. But his character soon changed his self-styled epithet of Adil (the just) first into Adali (the foolish) and then into Andhali (blind). Elphinstone writes about him, “His character was not such as to effect the memory of his crime, he was grossly ignorant, fond of coarse debauchery and low society, and as despicable from him in capacity as he was odious for his vices.”

Mahmood Shah Adil tried to win the favour of the nobles by distributing wealth among them in profusion but he could not avert the repercussion of the assassination of the rightful claimant of the throne. Ferishta writes, “Having often heard much in praise of the munificence of former kings, particularly of Mahmmad Tughluq and mistaking prodigality for liberality he opened the treasury, and lavished riches on all ranks without distinction. As he rode out, he discharged amongst the multitude golden-headed arrows, which sold for ten or twelve rupees each. This wanton extravagance soon left him without any of the treasure of his predecessors.”

When he had nothing of his own to give he resumed the governments and Jagirs of his nobles, and bestowed them on his favourites, among whom, one Hemu, a Hindu shopkeeper, whom his predecessor Salim Shah had made superintendent of the markets, was fully entrusted with the administration of affairs. The king of the meantime heedless of what passed, spent his time in excess among the inmates of the Harem. This naturally created for him enemies among the Afghan chiefs, who having conspired against his life, revolted from the authority. The king became daily more and more despicable in the eyes of his subjects, while all regularity in the government ceased.

Milan Tomic

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