The Brahmo samaj
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| Brahmo Samaj |
The Brahmo
Samaj was founded in 1828 by Raja Ram Mohan Roy. It was the culmination of his
earlier Atmiya Sabha of 1814. In the Trust Deed of the Brahmo samaj, drawn up
in 1830, Raja Ram Mohan Roy made it clear that he aspired only to establish a
strict monolatrous worship of the Supreme being, a worship of the heart and not
of the hand, a sacrifice of self and not of the possessions of the self. The
Brahmo Samaj advocated the worship of one God and the brotherhood of man. It
also stood for respect for all religions and their scriptures. Followers of all
religions were invited to came and worship I the same temple in the spirit of brotherhood.
In the
words of Ramsay Macdonald, “The Bahmo Samaj was unwilling to desert Hinduism,
but was willing to became liberal and respond to the impact of western faiths,”
After the
premature death of Raja Ram Mohan Roy, the Brahmo Samaj was left without any
organization, constitution, membership, covenant or pledge. There was a period
of depression, but it was revived by the efforts of Maharishi Devendra
NathTagore. Within five years of his joining the Samaj in 1843, the Maharishi
put new life into the organization and introduced a regular form of church
service, including thanksgiving, praise and d prayer.
Keshav
Chandra Sen was also an important member of the Brahmo Samaj. However, he put
more emphasis on Christian and Vaishnav teaching. This let to a breach in the
Brahmo samaj. The two parts of the Brahmo Samaj came to be known as the
Sadharan Brahmo Samaj and Adi Brahmo Samaj. Keshav Chandra also organized a new
church known as Navavidhan Samaj in which he was regarded as the prophet. As
regards the work of Keshav, he played an important part in the passing of the
Marriage Act of 1872.the Cooch-Behar Marriage case of 1878 was a turning point
in his life. His daughter was less than 14 and she was married to the Maharaja
of Cooch-Behar who was less than 16. People protested against this action of
Keshav and public meetings were held to turn him out from the Brahmo Samaj.
It goes
without saying that the Brahmo Samaj was responsible for changing the outlook
of the Hindus towards Western ideas. If influenced the life of the people in
every many ways. Even now the Brahmo Samaj has its followers and institutions
in various parts of India.
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